1.The term ecosystem was coined by
(a) Arthur Tansley
(b) Al Gore
(c) Arrhenius Svante
(d) Mobius
2. Who first used and
defined Ecology in 1866?
(a) H. Reiter
(b) Haeckel
(c) Charles Elton
(d) Odum
3) in the study of man environment interaction, the statement of Miss Semple that 'the humans are slowly the product of their environment is
(a) An opinion
(b) A prejudice
(c) A fact
d) A widely accepted phenomenon
4. A habitat is
(a) An area inhabited by a community
(b) A small part of
ecosystem.
c) A particular area inhabited by plants and animals.
d) The number of different organisms living in a
specific area.
5.
Biome is a natural community of
(a) Plants in a geographical area.
(b) Animals in a geographical area.
(c) Plants and animals in a geographical area.
(d) Plants in the Arctic region.
6.
If we combine all the ecosystems present on earth, then
it is called
(a) Biome (b) Biosphere
(c) Habitat
(d) Ecology
7.
All the energy in a food chain originates from
(a) Plants
(b) Sea
c) Sun
(d) All of these
8.
A food web is to show
(a) How feeding relationships are interlinked.
(b) How several food chains are connected together.
(c) Who eats what.
(d) All the above.
9. In the analysis of man-environment relationship pragmatic possibilism
implies that
(a) There is no limit for man to exploit the resources of earth
(b) There are limited possibilities to explore the Earth's resources
c) The man has to watch and assess the situation and then go ahead with
resource utilization
(d) The man has to keep in mind only his basic needs while planning to harness
the potential of resourceful earth.
10. Which of the following are included in the biosphere?
(a)
Hydrosphere
(c) Atmosphere
(b) Lithosphere
(d) All of these
11. Interlocking of two or more types of food chains at different trophic
levels is called
(a) Food chain
(c) Succession
(b) Food web
(d) Ecological pyramid
12. The transfer of food energy through a chain of organisms from one trophic
level to another is called
(a) Energy chain
(b) Food chain
(c) Trophic chain
(d) Organism chain
13. A keystone species is characterized by its
(a) Disproportionate large impact on ecosystem
(b) Very less impact on ecosystem
(C) No impact at all
(d) None of the above
14. A population that is at equilibrium is
(a) Steadily decreasing
(b) Steadily increasing
(c) Its number is almost stable over a period of time.
(d) Intermixing rapidly with other populations.
15. Which of the following are considered as producers in a food chain?
(a) Autotrophic plants
(b) Herbivores
(c) Carnivores
(d) Decomposers
16. Which of the following are directly dependent on producers for living?
(a) Carnivores
(b) Decomposers
(c) Scavengers
(d) Herbivores
17. The animals which feed only on other animals are known as
(a) Omnivores
(b) Carnivores
(C) Herbivores
(d) Autotrophs
18. The green plants, which can make their own food with the help of process of
photosynthesis are termed as
(a) Herbivores
(b) Carnivores
(c) Autotrophs
(d) None of the above
19. The various levels through which energy passes into an ecosystem are called
(a) Consumers
(b) Autotrophs
(c) Trophic levels
(d) None of the above
20. The transitional area between two ecosystems is termed as
(a) Ecoline
(b) Ecotourism
(C) Ecotone
(d) None of the above
21. Population consists of
(a) Organisms in a species that are capable of reproducing among themselves.
(b) Different species that can interbreed.
(c) Collective members of a species living and interacting across the
biosphere.
(d) Some organisms that may not belong to any species.
22. Which of the following is not an abiotic condition
(a) Water
(c) Temperature
(b) Soil
(d) Bacteria
23.
The existence of atmosphere on the earth is due to
a) The revolution of the earth around the sun.
(b) The rotation of the earth.
C) The gravitational force of the earth.
(d) None of the above
24. Match the following:
List-I List-II
A Troposphere I. Dust
particles
B. Stratosphere II.
Ozone layer
C. lonosphere III.
Meteors
D. Exosphere IV.
Aurora
Codes:
(a) A-I, B-1, C-III, D-IV (b) A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
(C) A-IV, B-11, C-II, D-I (d) None of the above
25.
Which of the following is the basis for all food chains?
(a) Consumers
(c) Decomposers
(b) Producers
(d) None of the above
26.
Total organic matter in an ecosystem is called
(a) Biome
(c) Plants
(b) Biotic community
(d) Biomass
27.
Energy pyramid is
(a) Always inverted (b) Always
horizontal
(C) Sometimes diagonal (d) None of the above
28.
As a result of biomagnification, the secondary consumers will be
(a) The most toxic
(c) Not toxic at all
(b) The least toxic
(d) None of the above
29.
Which of the following gases is not harmful as a natural
component of the atmosphere?
(a) Carbon dioxide
(c) Nitrogen
(b) Hydrogen
(d) Water vapours
30.
The two main components of an ecosystem are
(a) Plants and animals
(b) Biotic and abiotic
(C) Earth and its surroundings
(d) Macro and microorganisms
31.
Cloudy nights are warmer compared to clear nights (without clouds) during
winters. This is because
(a) Clouds radiate heat towards the earth.
(b) Clouds prevent cold waves from the sky descending on the earth.
(c) Clouds prevent escaping of heat radiation from the earth.
(d) Clouds being at great heights from earth absorb heat from the sun and send
them towards the earth.
32.
The urbanization process accounts for the urban centres during nights to remain
(a) Faster than that in rural areas.
(b) Slower than that in rural areas.
c ) the same as that in
the rural area
d) cooler than that in
the rural areas.
36. A temperature inversion is a condition when the air
(a) Near the ground is lighter.
(b) Near the ground is cooler than air at the higher altitudes.
(c) Near the ground is hotter than that at higher altitudes.
(d) None of the above
37. Beginning from the surface of earth, what is the sequence
of different layers of atmosphere?
(a) Stratosphere, Troposphere, Ionosphere, Exosphere
(b) Troposphere, Stratosphere, Ionosphere, Exosphere
(C) Troposphere, Stratosphere, Ionosphere
(d) None of the above
38. The most dynamic layer of the atmosphere in terms of climatic and weather
conditions is
(a) Troposphere (b) Ionosphere
(c) Stratosphere (d) Mesosphere
39. In which of the following layers of the atmosphere, ozone (03)
gas is present?
(a) Stratosphere (b) Mesosphere
(d) None of the above
(c) Troposphere
40. In which of the following atmospheric layers ionosphere occurs?
(a) Mesosphere
(b) Exosphere
(c) Stratosphere
(d) Troposphere
41. In an ecotone, the species which become abundant are called
(a) Keystone species (b) Endemic species
(c) Edge species (d) Foster species
42. The air pollutants are mainly classified as
(a) Point source and non-point source
(b) Primary and secondary pollutants
(d) None of the above
(c) Natural or anthropogenic pollutants
43. The main difference between primary air pollutants and secondary air
pollutants is pollutants do not
(a) Former contains water molecules, while secondary
(b) Primary air pollutants have more direct effect on human health.
(c) Former are released directly into the atmosphere, while the latter are
formed by chemical reactions in the atmosphere.
(d) Primary air pollutants are formed through photochemical reactions in the
sunlight, while the secondary air pollutants are not.
44. Which of the following can be considered as the best example of primary air
pollutants?
(a) Carbon dioxide released from burning of coal.
(b) Sulphur trioxide.
(c) Ozone produced in photochemical smog.
(d) Carbon dioxide released through photosynthesis.
45. Which of the following best illustrates a secondary air pollutant?
(a) CO, released from the burning of coal.
(b) NO, released from the burning of oil.
C) Ozone produced in photochemical smog.
(d) None of the above
46. The common features between NO, SO,, CO and SPM is that all of them
(a) Are classified as primary pollutants.
(b) Are classified as secondary pollutants.
(C) Have equal role in causing acid rain.
(d) Are greenhouse gases.
47. How are nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides and carbon oxides related?
(a) All of them are secondary air pollutants that contribute to global warming.
(b) All of them are primary air pollutants that contribute to acid deposition.
(0) All are air pollutants formed by combustion of fossil fuels.
(d) All of them are air pollutants that result in respiratory diseases in
humans.
48.Atmospheric pollutants are mainly present in
(a) Ionosphere
(b) Stratosphere
(c) Mesosphere
(d) Troposphere and lower stratosphere
49. Lead is used as an anti-knocking agent (tetra-ethyl lead)
in petrol. It affects our
(a) Central nervous system
(b) Respiratory system
(c) Cardiac system
(d) Skeletal system
50. Match the following:
List-1 List-II
(Metal) (Effects)
A. Chromium 1.
Thalassaemia
B. Arsenic II. Itai-Itai
C.Cadmium III. Dermatitis
D.Iron IV.
Carcinogen
Codes:
(a) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I (b) A-IV, B-II, C-III, D-I
FC) A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV (d) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
51. The chemical responsible for blue baby syndrome that is caused by
restricted supply of oxygen to the brain is
(a) Nitrates
(b) Sulphates
(c) Fluorides
(d) Oxides
52. Which of the following metal is responsible for Minamata disease?
(a) Mercury
(b) Cadmium
(c) Chromium
(d) Iron
53. Intake of lead may primarily cause damage of the
(a) Brain
(b) Lung
(C) Liver
(d) Kidney
54. Which of the following geographic area is the largest source of Co,
emissions from burning of fossil fuel?
(a) China
(b) Russia
(c) North America
(d) European Union
55. Industries generating hazardous waste are classified as
(a) Brown
(b) Green
(C) Yellow
(d) Red
56. Which of the following greenhouse gases are entirely anthropogenic in
origin?
(a) Water vapour
(b) Carbon dioxide
(C) CFCs
(d) Methane
57. Peroxyacyl nitrate (PAN) is a by-product of
(a) Photochemical smog
(b) London smog
(c) Sulphurous smog
(d) None of the above
58. The balance in oxygen level is maintained by
(a) Photosynthesis and cellular respiration
(b) Industrial emissions of gases
(c) Release of ozone in upper atmosphere
(d) None of the above